الكتاب المقدس

اقرأ كلمة الله وادرسها وتأمل فيها.

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الأسفار التاريخية الأصحاحات 1–9: الأنساب من آدم حتى المسبيين

يُذكَّر شعب الله بجذوره وبعهد الله مع داود.

يعيد سفر أخبار الأيام الأول رواية تاريخ إسرائيل للجماعة العائدة من السبي. ويبدأ بسلاسل أنساب طويلة تتتبع الشعب من آدم حتى العائدين من السبي، مُبيّنًا أنهم ما زالوا جزءًا من قصة الله.

الكاتب: غير معروف؛ يُنسب تقليديًا إلى عزرا · التاريخ: على الأرجح كُتب نحو 450–400 ق.م.

نظرة على السفر ومخططه وآياته الرئيسية
أيام الأول 8 ALAB
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1وَأَنْجَبَ بَنْيَامِينُ خَمْسَةَ أَبْنَاءٍ هُمْ عَلَى التَّوَالِي: بِكْرُهُ بَالَعُ، وَأَشْبِيلُ وَأَخْرَخُ، 2وَنُوحَةُ وَرَافَا. 3وَأَبْنَاءُ بَالَعَ: أَدَّارُ وَجَيْرَا وَأَبِيهُودُ، 4وَأَبِيشُوعُ وَنُعْمَانُ وَأَخُوخُ، 5وَحَيْرَا وَشَفُوفَانُ، وَحُورَامُ. 6وَهَذِهِ هِيَ أَسْمَاءُ أَبْنَاءِ آحُودَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا رُؤَسَاءَ عَائِلاتٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ جَبْعَ الَّذِينَ طُرِدُوا فِي مَا بَعْدُ إِلَى مَنَاحَةَ، 7وَهُمْ: نُعْمَانُ وَأَخِيَّا وَجَيْرَا الَّذِي قَادَهُمْ إِلَى مَنَاحَةَ، وَقَدْ أَنْجَبَ عُزَّا وَأَخِيحُودَ. 8وَأَنْجَبَ شَحْرَايِمُ فِي بِلادِ مُوآبَ، بَعْدَ أَنْ طَلَّقَ زَوْجَتَيْهِ حُوشِيمَ وَبَعْرَا، 9أَبْنَاءً مِنْ زَوْجَتِهِ الْجَدِيدَةِ خُودَشَ، هُمْ: يُوبَابُ وَظِبْيَا وَمَيْشَا وَمَلْكَامُ، 10وَيَعُوصُ وَشَبْيَا وَمِرْمَةُ. وَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ هَؤُلاءِ رُؤَسَاءَ بُيُوتَاتٍ. 11وَكَانَ قَدْ أَنْجَبَ مِنْ زَوْجَتِهِ حُوشِيمَ ابْنَيْنِ هُمَا: أَبِيطُوبُ وَأَلْفَعَلُ. 12أَمَّا أَبْنَاءُ أَلْفَعَلَ فَهُمْ: عَابِرُ وَمِشْعَامُ وَشَامِرُ الَّذِي بَنَى مَدِينَتَيْ أُونُوَ وَلُودَ وَضِيَاعَهُمَا، 13وَبَرِيعَةُ وَشَمَعُ وَهُمَا رَأْسَا عَائِلاتِ أَهْلِ أَيَّلُونَ، وَقَدْ قَامَا بِطَرْدِ سُكَّانِ جَتَّ مِنْهَا. 14أَمَّا أَخِيُو وَشَاشَقُ وَيَرِيمُوتُ، 15وَزَبَدْيَا وَعَدَادُ وَعَادَرُ، 16وَمِيخَائِيلُ وَيِشْفَةُ وَيُوخَا فَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ بَرِيعَةَ. 17أَمَّا زَبَدْيَا وَمَشُلّامُ وَحَزْقِي وَحَابِرُ، 18وَيِشْمَرَايُ وَيَزَلْيَاهُ وَيُوبَابُ، فَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ أَلْفَعَلَ. 19أَمَّا يَاقِيمُ وَزِكْرِي وَزَبْدِي، 20وَأَلِيعِينَايُ وَصِلَّتَايُ وَإِيلِيئِيلُ، 21وَعَدَايَا وَبَرَايَا وَشِمْرَةُ فَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ شِمْعِي. 22وَأَمَّا يِشْفَانُ وَعَابِرُ وَإِيلِيئِيلُ، 23وَعَبْدُونُ وَزِكْرِي وَحَانَانُ، 24وَحَنَنْيَا وَعِيلامُ وَعَنَثُوثِيَا، 25وَيَفَدْيَا وَفَنُوئِيلُ فَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ شَاشَقَ. 26أَمَّا شِمْشَرَايُ وَشَحَرْيَا وَعَثَلْيَا، 27وَيَعْرَشْيَا وَإِيلِيَّا وَزِكْرِي فَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ يَرُوحَامَ. 28هَؤُلاءِ هُمْ رُؤَسَاءُ آبَاءِ بُيُوتَاتِهِمْ حَسَبَ سِجِلّاتِ مَوَالِيدِهِمْ، مِمَّنِ اسْتَوْطَنُوا فِي أُورُشَلِيمَ. 29وَأَسَّسَ يَعُوئِيلُ مَدِينَةَ جِبْعُونَ وَأَقَامَ فِيهَا. وَأَنْجَبَتْ لَهُ زَوْجَتُهُ مَعْكَةُ 30عَبْدُونَ الابْنَ الْبِكْرَ، ثُمَّ صُوراً وَقَيْساً وَبَعَلَ وَنَادَابَ، 31وَجَدُورَ وَأَخِيُو وَزَاكِرَ. 32وَمِقْلُوثَ الَّذِي أَنْجَبَ شَمَاةَ. وَهُمْ أَيْضاً أَقَامُوا فِي أُورُشَلِيمَ إِلَى جُوَارِ بَقِيَّةِ أَقَارِبِهِمْ. 33وَأَنْجَبَ نِيرُ قَيْساً، وَقَيْسٌ وَلَدَ شَاوُلَ الَّذِي أَنْجَبَ يَهُونَاثَانَ وَمَلْكِيشُوعَ وَأَبِينَادَابَ وَإِشْبَعَلَ. 34وَأَنْجَبَ يَهُونَاثَانُ مَرِيبْبَعَلَ، وَمَرِيبْبَعَلُ مِيخَا. 35أَمَّا أَبْنَاءُ مِيخَا فَهُمْ: فِيثُونُ وَمَالِكُ وَتَارِيعُ وآحَازُ. 36وَأَنْجَبَ آحَازُ يَهُوعَدَّةَ، وَيَهُوعَدَّةُ عَلْمَثَ وَعَزْمُوتَ وَزِمْرِي، وَزِمْرِي مُوصَا. 37وَمُوصَا وَلَدَ بِنْعَةَ، وَبِنْعَةُ رَافَةَ، وَرَافَةُ أَلِعَاسَةَ، وَأَلِعَاسَةُ آصِيلَ. 38وَكَانَ لِآصِيلَ سِتَّةُ أَبْنَاءٍ هُمْ: عَزْرِيقَامُ وَبُكْرُو وَإِسْمعِيلُ وَشَعَرْيَا وَعُوبَدْيَا وَحَانَانُ. وَجَمِيعُ هَؤُلاءِ هُمْ أَبْنَاءُ آصِيلَ. 39أَمَّا أَخُوهُ عَاشِقُ فَقَدْ أَنْجَبَ بِكْرَهُ أُولامَ ثُمَّ يَعُوشَ، فَأَلِيفَلَطَ. 40وَكَانَ أَبْنَاءُ أُولامَ مُحَارِبِينَ أَشِدَّاءَ بَارِعِينَ فِي الرِّمَايَةِ، أَكْثَرُوا مِنْ إِنْجَابِ الْبَنِينَ وَالأَحْفَادِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ عَدَدُهُمْ مِئَةً وَخَمْسِينَ. وَجَمِيعُ هَؤُلاءِ مِنْ سِبْطِ بِنْيَامِينَ.
تفسير 4
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Benson
1 Chronicles 8
Benson Commentary 1 Chronicles 8:1 Now Benjamin begat Bela his firstborn, Ashbel the second, and Aharah the third, 1 Chronicles 8:1 . Now Benjamin begat Bela — He had spoken something of this tribe before, chap. 1 Chronicles 7:6 ; but now he treats of it again, and that more fully and exactly: partly for Saul’s sake, who was of this tribe; and partly because this tribe adhered to David, and the kingdom of Judah, and went with Judah into Babylon; and now were returned from thence in greater numbers than the other tribes, except Judah. Bela his firstborn — So called by Moses: but the names of the rest vary from those in Moses. Therefore either these were Benjamin’s grand-children, or the same person had two or more names, which was not unusual. 1 Chronicles 8:2 Nohah the fourth, and Rapha the fifth. 1 Chronicles 8:3 And the sons of Bela were, Addar, and Gera, and Abihud, 1 Chronicles 8:4 And Abishua, and Naaman, and Ahoah, 1 Chronicles 8:5 And Gera, and Shephuphan, and Huram. 1 Chronicles 8:6 And these are the sons of Ehud: these are the heads of the fathers of the inhabitants of Geba, and they removed them to Manahath: 1 Chronicles 8:6 . These are the sons of Ehud — These following, 1 Chronicles 8:7 , because he here speaks of them who were removed. He describes the sons of Benjamin by the places of their habitation, without an exact account of their parents; because their genealogies were broken by that almost total extirpation of this tribe, Judges 20. 1 Chronicles 8:7 And Naaman, and Ahiah, and Gera, he removed them, and begat Uzza, and Ahihud. 1 Chronicles 8:8 And Shaharaim begat children in the country of Moab, after he had sent them away; Hushim and Baara were his wives. 1 Chronicles 8:9 And he begat of Hodesh his wife, Jobab, and Zibia, and Mesha, and Malcham, 1 Chronicles 8:10 And Jeuz, and Shachia, and Mirma. These were his sons, heads of the fathers. 1 Chronicles 8:11 And of Hushim he begat Abitub, and Elpaal. 1 Chronicles 8:12 The sons of Elpaal; Eber, and Misham, and Shamed, who built Ono, and Lod, with the towns thereof: 1 Chronicles 8:13 Beriah also, and Shema, who were heads of the fathers of the inhabitants of Aijalon, who drove away the inhabitants of Gath: 1 Chronicles 8:14 And Ahio, Shashak, and Jeremoth, 1 Chronicles 8:15 And Zebadiah, and Arad, and Ader, 1 Chronicles 8:16 And Michael, and Ispah, and Joha, the sons of Beriah; 1 Chronicles 8:17 And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber, 1 Chronicles 8:18 Ishmerai also, and Jezliah, and Jobab, the sons of Elpaal; 1 Chronicles 8:19 And Jakim, and Zichri, and Zabdi, 1 Chronicles 8:20 And Elienai, and Zilthai, and Eliel, 1 Chronicles 8:21 And Adaiah, and Beraiah, and Shimrath, the sons of Shimhi; 1 Chronicles 8:22 And Ishpan, and Heber, and Eliel, 1 Chronicles 8:23 And Abdon, and Zichri, and Hanan, 1 Chronicles 8:24 And Hananiah, and Elam, and Antothijah, 1 Chronicles 8:25 And Iphedeiah, and Penuel, the sons of Shashak; 1 Chronicles 8:26 And Shamsherai, and Shehariah, and Athaliah, 1 Chronicles 8:27 And Jaresiah, and Eliah, and Zichri, the sons of Jeroham. 1 Chronicles 8:28 These were heads of the fathers, by their generations, chief men . These dwelt in Jerusalem. 1 Chronicles 8:28 . Heads of the fathers, &c: these dwelt at Jerusalem — All these named from 1 Chronicles 8:14 to this place. Particular notice is taken of these, that others, at their return from captivity, might be induced to settle there too, which it seems few were willing to do, because it was the post of danger. Many great and mighty nations were then upon earth, and many illustrious men in them, whose names are buried in perpetual oblivion, while the names of multitudes of the Israel of God are here carefully preserved in everlasting remembrance: a figure of God’s writing the names of his spiritual Israel in the Lamb’s book of life. 1 Chronicles 8:29 And at Gibeon dwelt the father of Gibeon; whose wife's name was Maachah: 1 Chronicles 8:30 And his firstborn son Abdon, and Zur, and Kish, and Baal, and Nadab, 1 Chronicles 8:31 And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zacher. 1 Chronicles 8:32 And Mikloth begat Shimeah. And these also dwelt with their brethren in Jerusalem, over against them. 1 Chronicles 8:32 . These also dwelt with their brethren in Jerusalem — With those other Benjamites spoken of 1 Chronicles 8:28 ; over against them — In some street or part of Jerusalem, which was over against that where their brethren dwelt. 1 Chronicles 8:33 And Ner begat Kish, and Kish begat Saul, and Saul begat Jonathan, and Malchishua, and Abinadab, and Eshbaal. 1 Chronicles 8:34 And the son of Jonathan was Meribbaal; and Meribbaal begat Micah. 1 Chronicles 8:35 And the sons of Micah were , Pithon, and Melech, and Tarea, and Ahaz. 1 Chronicles 8:36 And Ahaz begat Jehoadah; and Jehoadah begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri begat Moza, 1 Chronicles 8:37 And Moza begat Binea: Rapha was his son, Eleasah his son, Azel his son: 1 Chronicles 8:38 And Azel had six sons, whose names are these, Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and Hanan. All these were the sons of Azel. 1 Chronicles 8:39 And the sons of Eshek his brother were , Ulam his firstborn, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third. 1 Chronicles 8:40 And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers, and had many sons, and sons' sons, an hundred and fifty. All these are of the sons of Benjamin. 1 Chronicles 8:40 . Archers — Hebrew, that tread the bow: for the bows of steel, which these used, required great strength to bend them; which therefore they did by treading the bow with their feet, and pulling the string with both their hands. Benson Commentary on the Old and New Testaments Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com . Used by Permission.
Expositors
1 Chronicles 8
Expositor's Bible Commentary 1 Chronicles 8:1 Now Benjamin begat Bela his firstborn, Ashbel the second, and Aharah the third, The Expositor's Bible Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com . Used by Permission.
Illustrator
1 Chronicles 8
Now Benjamin begat Bela his first-born 1 Chronicles 8 Readings between the lines I. THAT ALLIANCES OFTEN END IN ENTANGLEMENTS AND ENTAIL UNCONSIDERED CONSEQUENCES. Shaharaim went into Moab and there married a Moabitess, having children of her (ver. 8). The names of his sons (ver. 9) were Moabitish — Mezha (see 2 Kings 3:4 ), Maleham (an idol of Moab; see 1 Kings 11:33 and Jeremiah 49:1, 2 ). This fact points clearly to the evil influence under which his children came through this matrimonial alliance. If we "make affinity" with those who are not of like mind and like principles with ourselves, we must be prepared for serious spiritual consequences. II. THAT HUMAN ACTIVITY MAY HAVE VERY LONG RESULTS. Shamed, the son of Elpaal, built two cities; one of them was Led (ver. 12). This is identical with the Lydda of our New Testament ( Acts 9:32 ), and with the modern Ludd. Here we have an instance of the results of one man's activity being witnessed more than thirty centuries after he has been gathered to his fathers. Who can say how far down the stream of time our influence will go? III. THAT VIOLENCE IS A BAD FOUNDATION OF REST AND POWER. In ver. 13 we learn that, by a noteworthy coincidence, Beriah with Shema "drove away the inhabitants of Gath." In the previous chapter (ver. 21) we read that the inhabitants of Gath slew the sons of Ephraim. Truly "they that take the sword shall perish with the sword." Violence seizes on a neighbour's land, and by violence is itself dispossessed. IV. THAT IT IS WISE TO STAMP BAD THINGS WITH AN EVIL NAME. Esh-baal (ver. 33) is the Ishbosheth of 2 Samuel 11:21 ; while Merib-baal (ver. 34) is the Mephibosheth of 2 Samuel 4:4 . In these two cases Baal is turned into Bosheth, which signifies shame. Thus, by a simple name, the heathen deity was branded with public reprobation. The evil thing was made to seem the ugly and offensive thing it was. Nothing can be more perilous to the community than the wrapping up of a sin in some pleasant euphemism; e.g. , if a daughter has been sinful she should not be called "unfortunate." Vice does not lose half its evil by losing all its grossness. If we label sin with a name that passes current in society, we are co-workers with the tempter himself. V. THAT FAITHFUL REMEMBRANCE IN THE DAY OF POWER IS AN EXCELLENT GRACE. The line of Jonathan is traced to many generations (ver. 34, etc.). Is not the hand of David here? Is this not a sign that his vow ( 1 Samuel 20:15 )was honourably filled? What we promise as we are rising we should scrupulously discharge when we have attained the summit of our desires. It is the mark of a true man to carry out with generous fulness all that he undertook when he was a long way from the goal and the prize. VI. THAT THE THOUGHT OF A WORTHY ANCESTRY IS AN HONOURABLE INDUCEMENT TO WELL-DOING. "These dwelt in Jerusalem" (vers. 28-82). When the captives returned from Babylon there was a lack of men to populate the sacred city. In the country were inviting fields waiting for cultivation, while in the city was danger to be dared and civic duty to be discharged. So that "the people blessed all the men that willingly offered themselves to dwell at Jerusalem" ( Nehemiah 11:2 ). The fact that their ancestors dwelt in the city would probably operate as a powerful inducement to lead many to offer themselves as citizens, and these would thus be led to serve their country in a very serious crisis. The knowledge of the honourable position taken by our ancestry is a very lawful motive to obedience and aspiration.
Matthew Henry
1 Chronicles 8
8:1-40 Genealogies. - Here is a larger list of Benjamin's tribe. We may suppose that many things in these genealogies, which to us seem difficult, abrupt, and perplexed, were plain and easy at that time, and fully answered the intention for which they were published. Many great and mighty nations then were in being upon earth, and many illustrious men, whose names are now wholly forgotten; while the names of multitudes of the Israel of God are here kept in everlasting remembrance. The memory of the just is blessed.